The concept of autonomous driving is not unfamiliar to everyone, but for those who play the role of "eyes", you may not be very familiar with the various sensors that look at the six directions. Generally speaking, in order to obtain good road condition detection results, a self-driving car will install a variety of sensors. This article introduces some of the most versatile sensors in the field of autonomous driving. The author is Professor Sun Yu of the University of South Florida.
"Automatic driving" has become a hot word frequently mentioned in many media. Technology companies such as Google and Uber, and auto giants such as GM and Volkswagen have invested a lot of energy in autonomous driving. The related manufacturers also expect that "automobiles with autopilot functions will be commercially available within 3-5 years."
It must be noted that “autopilot†is not a new thing. As early as the 1950s, the Radio Corporation of America (RCA) claimed that it had mastered the technology of self-driving cars and realized it once. The distance is 400 feet (120 meters) of autonomous driving (see Lei Fengwang article "Reviewing the 1960s, the self-driving car was "close at hand"); and according to NHTSA and SAE, the division of autonomous driving, currently Many of the cars on the market with body stability systems, anti-lock braking systems, automatic emergency braking, traction control systems, etc. have reached the L1 level of automatic driving, and we are familiar with the Google self-driving car, so far Failure to achieve automatic driving at the L4 level. The autopilot discussed in the industry is more at the L3-L4 level.
Different levels of autonomous driving have different solutions and require different sensors. There are several types of sensors commonly used in autonomous driving:
2D camera, rangefinder camera, lidar, radar, sonar, GPS, IMU/compass and odometer.
Since autonomous driving is extremely demanding on the vehicle's perceived environment, even to the level that is not inferior to humans, manufacturers often use a variety of sensors to complement each other.
In order to achieve automatic driving, vehicles need to perceive the following indicators:
Location, direction, maps, traffic signs, lights, and the need to detect the surrounding environment, including other vehicles, pedestrians, bicycles, motorcycles, roadblocks, road teeth, pits on the ground, gates, walls, or suddenly appear in front of the car Children and so on.
The sensor needs to be very sensitive in order to detect the above at an extremely fast rate and allow the vehicle to react quickly in a matter of milliseconds. In order to achieve this, usually the delay of the sensor needs to be controlled within 2-3 milliseconds.
In order to popularize autonomous driving, the price of the sensor should be controlled within an acceptable range. However, depending on the current level of automation, prices are also very different. For example, a vehicle that achieves Level 3, in view of the relatively limited degree of automation it can provide, in order to increase its competitiveness in the market, the price of the sensor should be controlled at 10% or even lower of the price of the vehicle. In contrast, autonomous vehicles that reach Level 4 need to implement a shared function and achieve a 24-hour availability. The price of the sensor naturally rises and may account for more than half of the entire vehicle.
Next, let's compare some of the sensors that were introduced below. They have their own strengths and are not perfect, but we can get a glimpse of the motives of manufacturers.
- The Description of wifi Antenna
-
When selecting the antenna, it is necessary to pay attention to whether the connector of the antenna matches the connector of the connected device. Generally, SMA and TNC are used for WIFI
To use on the router, but on the 2.4 G wireless monitoring equipment fittings, if match, also can achieve the enhancement effect of the wireless signal transmission Magnetic antenna base, can suck on metal surfaces, makes the antenna signal is stronger Plug and play, without any additional conditions, but the antenna gain and directional property management are key points to consider. - The first standard WIFI antenna products were made by LTCC process, because of its width and general performance. Abroad, Airgain has launched a standard antenna with high temperature resistance and plastic seal, which is used in laptop computers, and a series of WiFi antennas with magnetic dielectric in mobile phones have been launched in China.
- The Picture of wifi Antenna
-
Wifi Antenna ,Wifi Antenna for PC ,Wifi Antenna for Router ,Wfi Antenna outdoor ,Wifi Antenna Indoor
Yetnorson Antenna Co., Ltd. , https://www.yetnorson.com