When you vaccinate in a community hospital, take a few seconds to take a photo of the fundus. Within a few seconds, artificial intelligence can tell you if you have a cataract or other chronic disease, and even accurately predict when a child will myopia. This is like the equipment in science fiction movies, but now it happens in reality.
At the CMEF China International Medical Devices (Spring) Expo in 2018, Xiaobian interviewed Mr. Zhang Jinglei, Vice President of Marketing, Airdoc, a leading enterprise in the medical field. Discuss the impact of artificial intelligence on the current medical industry and what it means for the lives of ordinary people.
Medical technology is gradually maturing
Currently, a good medical service is very expensive. According to Zhang Jinglei, Airdoc's vision is to use artificial intelligence to optimize medical services, so that patients can enjoy better medical services more quickly and at a relatively low price, so that more people can benefit from it.
At present, the medical technology industry is booming, and many companies are also involved in this field. Just last week, the US FDA issued a license for the company IDx, which is responsible for the observation of fundus retinopathy. This proves that the current medical technology in the world is relatively mature.
Today's domestic medical technology level is ahead of foreign countries in many aspects, and the technology approved by the US FDA is only the technical level of the first two years of domestic medical technology. Of course, this is not to say that there is no updated technology abroad, but It shows that China's medical technology has reached the world's leading level in many aspects.
Zhang Jinglei said that there are deep-seated reasons. First of all, China has a population advantage, so it can be very rich and comprehensive in data collection, which is difficult to achieve in other countries. Secondly, we have strong demand for artificial intelligence, such as There is a huge gap between doctors in the cities of the third-tier and third-tier cities and doctors in the first-tier cities. Artificial intelligence can make up for these gaps in this respect. Therefore, AI has great application prospects. Finally, we not only have good hospitals but also The medical team and the very good investment and financing environment can create a better soil for the development of related enterprises.
Artificial intelligence will greatly help medical treatment
When it comes to the current progress in the field of medical technology, Zhang Jinglei said that the first is the advancement of technology, such as the discovery of ophthalmology, dermatology, early detection of cancer, etc.; the second is the supervision of government departments, It is expected that several medical technology companies will be certified by the CFDA's Food and Drug Administration this year, which represents the country's recognition of the domestic medical technology industry.
Zhang Jinglei believes that "the future breakthrough of artificial intelligence technology is outside the hospital, and the function must be screening. The artificial disease technology can be used to find chronic diseases or asymptomatic diseases in time. Of course, there are still many places outside the hospital that need to continue to explore. Including technology itself, market and business models."
At present, Airdoc's main product is screening for chronic diseases through the fundus, and this method is also the most mature technology that can be quickly applied to the clinic. By observing the changes of blood vessels and nerves on the fundus, we can analyze the chronic diseases such as hypertension, diabetes and arteriosclerosis, and collect these data for analysis and comparison in the background, which can more accurately judge and assist chronic diseases. Diagnosis and long-term management.
Why fundus data has become the focus of research
As for the main research direction of choosing the fundus as the technology, Zhang Jinglei said that firstly, chronic diseases can be directly observed through the fundus, which can be diagnosed early by screening. Second, the incidence of chronic diseases is high, and the life of severe images is severe. Quality also imposes a huge financial burden on health care.
There is also technically speaking that the fundus data is relatively easy to obtain - the fundus camera can be used outside the hospital, the cost of large-scale fundus screening can be controlled within a few dollars, and there is no ethical problem, as long as it is three years old From the above children to the elderly, everyone can take pictures of the fundus.
Finally, in many screening and early diagnosis of chronic diseases, rapid observation through the fundus, such as many blinding fundus diseases, may not have any obvious symptoms for a long time. But when the symptoms appear, you have basically missed the best treatment opportunity. By photographing the fundus, it is possible to detect related diseases at an early stage according to changes in blood vessels. For example, diabetes can be treated promptly by observing the swelling and deformation of the fundus vessels before the symptoms are revealed.
Multimodal data analysis helps accurately determine illness
How to accurately determine these conditions, which requires the use of multimodal data analysis (MRT), Zhang Jinglei then introduced. For example, in the cardiovascular department, there are many data in each patient's case. The number of these data is as large as hundreds of groups. For the average doctor, only the data of individual groups can be used to judge the patient's condition. Cerebrovascular, heart disease and other diseases, the indicators of these diseases through the test are only a few sets of data, but through artificial intelligence algorithms, you can simultaneously analyze dozens of groups or even hundreds of sets of data to reveal the inherent laws of the disease, find more A good diagnosis and treatment method is something that human beings cannot achieve.
And when there is enough data, you can also find the relationship between some diseases and key factors by looking up the correlation between these data. For example, multimodal analysis can determine how much the patient's onset is directly related to diet, lifestyle, and genes. This has a very positive effect on the diagnosis and treatment of the disease.
And multi-modal data analysis can digitize and structure a large number of paper medical records in hospitals, which greatly saves doctors' time and energy, and allows them to focus more on their work.
Potential application of future medical artificial intelligence
Zhang Jinglei also said that medical artificial intelligence currently has great potential in two areas, and he also believes that this will be proved in the future. The first is medical image analysis, because the image itself is structured, such as fundus photos; another such as CT or magnetic resonance, the same reason, no human factors interference, can be quickly and accurately analyzed by artificial intelligence; Secondly, medical big data can transform unstructured data into structured data. By analyzing a large number of medical records to find better treatment plans and better manage diseases, many companies are currently conducting related research.
In the future, Airdoc's technology development will expand from the bottom of the eye to the full ophthalmology. Zhang Jinglei said that AI can be used for the prevention of myopia in children. Artificial intelligence can help parents monitor and predict the development of children's myopia. In the future, this prediction can be accurate to the week when myopia is most likely to occur. After the whole ophthalmology is the whole body of artificial intelligence, which is the direction of future medical artificial intelligence.
At present, the security of data is also the focus of discussion. It is even more important for the medical technology industry because the data obtained are very sensitive patient data. For the protection of data, Zhang Jinglei said that all the data uploaded by Airdoc are protected by encryption. Secondly, in the process of uploading and saving, these data must be strictly desensitized, that is, the data is completely separated from the patient's personal information. The practice of the entire medical industry.
And for the storage and use of these medical data, Airdoc is involved in the STI Medical Ophthalmology Big Data Platform under the supervision of the Ministry of Science and Technology. Under the strict supervision of the government, all the desensitization data above can be shared for scientific research, and it has considerable positive significance for the future development of artificial intelligence technology and clinical practice.
Artificial intelligence will better aid medical diagnosis
Finally, when talking about the future service objects of artificial intelligence, Zhang Jinglei explained that the main object of Airdoc is actually a doctor. The main function of artificial intelligence is to assist doctors in the diagnosis of the disease, but it cannot replace the doctor to make a diagnosis. For example, there are currently more than 2,000 known skin diseases, which require a large number of relatively independent algorithms to analyze related conditions; and many skin diseases are basically identical in appearance, so doctors need to ask the patient for other conditions to be diagnosed. Current artificial intelligence technology is still a challenge.
Of course, the future artificial intelligence technology may realize more functions through deep learning, but at present there are many constraints, including legal constraints - such as who will bear legal responsibility when the artificial intelligence diagnosis is wrong. So for a long time, artificial intelligence will be an auxiliary tool for doctors and cannot replace doctors.
The biggest role of artificial intelligence in the future is to solve the doctor's large and simple repetitive work, improve the efficiency of doctors, and let doctors truly use their wisdom and ability. The combination of artificial intelligence and medical care will subvert the future medical environment, which deserves our expectations.
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