Lighting circuit common faults and troubleshooting methods - Database & Sql Blog Articles

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The fault of the lighting circuit can be summarized into four categories: leakage, overload, short circuit and open circuit.
1 The cause of the circuit failure (1) Leakage: The line insulation is damaged or aged, and the current leaks from the insulation structure. This part of the leakage current does not form a loop through the original circuit, but forms a loop or super close through the building and the earth. A phase loop is formed between the phase line and the neutral line. If the leakage is not serious, there is no obvious fault phenomenon; when it is more serious, there will be faults such as the electrification of the building and the increase of the power. There are several reasons for the occurrence of leakage: 1 During the construction, the insulation structure of the wires and the lighting accessories is damaged. 2 line and lighting accessories have been in disrepair for a long time, and the insulation is aging. 3 Installation is illegal, such as the wire is buried directly in the paint layer of the building.
(2) Overload: The actual power exceeds the rated capacity of the line conductor. The fault phenomenon is: the temperature of the device that protects the fuse from being blown and overloaded is soared. If the protection device fails to protect in time, it will cause a serious electrical accident. The main causes of overload faults are: 1 The conductor cross section is small, the original designed circuit is not matched with the actual application or caused by blind excessive power consumption. 2 If the power supply voltage is too low, the equipment whose output power cannot be reduced correspondingly such as electric fan, washing machine or refrigerator will increase the current by itself to make up for the shortage of voltage, thus causing overload.
(3) Short circuit: Many electrical fires are caused by short circuits. There are many reasons for the short circuit, mainly: 1 The construction quality is not good, and the processing is not carried out according to the requirements of the standardization. 2 There is a short circuit fault inside the electrical appliance. 3 lines have been in disrepair for a long time. 4 wires or accessories are caused by external damage.
2 Trouble-shooting methods (1) If there is a fault such as leakage or short circuit or open circuit in the electrical appliance, the faulty appliance should be repaired. Cannot be used without repair.
(2) Lamp accessories such as sockets, lamp holders and switches, or leakage or short-circuit or open circuit caused by loose or insulative aging of the electrical components, gray surface of the insulation between the contacts or mechanical failure, broken casing or pedestal, etc. In case of failure, the faulty accessories and components should be replaced or repaired.
(3) Due to short circuit and leakage faults caused by connection process errors and poor processing, the machining should be re-processed according to the process requirements and standardized operation requirements.
(4) If the wire insulation is aged and the cross-sectional area of ​​the core wire is too small, replace the wire that meets the requirements.
(5) If faults such as short-circuit and overload caused by blind excess electricity or bulky fuses, attention should be paid to safe use of electricity to eliminate all unsafe power consumption factors to ensure safe use of electricity and safe operation of power supply lines and equipment. .