Medical technology is advancing rapidly, and scientists are now developing not just diagnostic tools, but also robotic solutions that can directly treat diseases. One of the most exciting innovations is the development of medical robots that can enter the body to perform complex tasks, from removing foreign objects to delivering targeted medication.
Robots Designed to Remove Foreign Objects from the Stomach
A groundbreaking innovation comes from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), where researchers have created a tiny origami robot, roughly the size of a pill. The robot is wrapped in a red "swine casing" made from dried pig intestine, which makes it easier for patients to swallow. If someone accidentally swallows something dangerous, like a coin or a battery, this robot can be used as a safe and effective solution.
Once swallowed, the robot travels to the stomach, where the outer casing expands. Doctors then use an external magnetic field to guide its movement. The robot searches for the foreign object, grabs it with precision, and pulls it out of the body through the digestive system. This method has been successfully tested in simulations, showing great potential for removing harmful objects and even repairing minor damage to the stomach lining.
Robots That Deliver Injections from Within the Body
Injecting medication can be painful and stressful, especially for patients who require regular treatments. For instance, people with diabetes need daily insulin injections, which can cause both physical discomfort and psychological stress over time. To address this issue, researchers have developed a new type of robot known as Rani—a small capsule-shaped device designed to deliver medicine internally.
Rani works by first being swallowed by the patient. Its outer shell protects the sensitive drug proteins from breaking down in the stomach. Once it reaches the intestines, the shell begins to dissolve, and a balloon inflates, triggering the release of a tiny, dissolvable needle made from materials like sugar. This needle injects the medication directly into the intestinal wall, allowing for rapid absorption into the bloodstream.
After the injection, the needle dissolves naturally, and the remaining components of the device gradually break down in the digestive tract before being safely expelled from the body. This technology offers a pain-free alternative to traditional injections, making long-term treatment more comfortable and less intimidating for patients suffering from conditions such as diabetes, multiple sclerosis, and rheumatoid arthritis.
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