This article takes a look at several of the car's driving methods and their strengths and weaknesses, and further shows you which is the best driving method.
Which is better for the four-wheel drive of the predecessor?Front wheel drive advantages and disadvantages
In the current passenger vehicle sector, front-wheel drive vehicles are undoubtedly the most common. At present, in the domestic and international markets, the predecessor also accounts for the vast majority. So what are the characteristics of this popular form of driving?
First of all, from the perspective of architecture, the front-wheel drive is the master of creating a large space inside the car. Since the transmission components such as the engine and the gearbox are concentrated in front of the front axle, the arrangement is quite compact. The rear part of the front axle can be used for the car, and the interior space can be maximized when designing the cabin and the luggage compartment. Since there is no necessary drive shaft for the rear drive, the rear row can also be made flat. Such practicality naturally fits the psychology of consumers pursuing a large space.
Secondly, due to the compact arrangement of the front-wheel drive machinery, the number of parts is significantly reduced. The front-rear drive shaft can be omitted as described above, and the differential is integrated in the gearbox. Of course, because the arrangement is too compact, it will be more troublesome to carry out large maintenance on the dynamic transmission system of the transverse engine front-wheel drive in the future. After all, the components are less, the integration is high, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced. In addition, since the path from the engine to the drive wheel is short, the transmission components are relatively small, the mechanical loss is naturally low, and the transmission effect is improved. It is beneficial to provide the best possible power performance when using a small displacement, low power engine. Due to the reduced components, the weight of the front-wheel drive is also relatively low, which also helps to reduce fuel consumption.
The front-drive has all of the above advantages, but it also has obvious shortcomings, which are the defects that are difficult to overcome in driving and handling.
First, the front wheel acts as the drive wheel. When the center of gravity of the car moves backwards when accelerating, the load on the front axle is reduced, and the front wheels are more likely to slip, which is unfavorable for power output. Secondly, because the heavy components on the car are concentrated in front of the front axle, the distribution ratio of the front and rear axle weights is unbalanced. A heavy front will reduce the agility of the bend and easily induce understeer. Most of the front-drive engines and gearboxes are horizontally arranged and occupy more space in the width, which limits the design of the front suspension and is not conducive to the potential of the control. In addition, the front wheel of the front-wheel drive is responsible for steering, but also responsible for driving, and the work burden is heavy, which will inevitably lead to the front wheel force being inconsistent. Everyday driving may not feel anything, but once the sportiness is emphasized, the influence of the front wheel on the steering will occur, such as reducing the road feel of the steering wheel, and in the case of severe torque steering (the current transverse engine front-drive acceleration) The lengths of the left and right wheel drive shafts are different, resulting in different driving torques of the left and right wheels, and the steering wheel will automatically rotate to one side. These defects will be more apparent on front-wheelers equipped with high-powered engines.
However, the valuable thing about people is the spirit of knowing how to advance. Difficulties do not mean that they cannot be done. Relying on advanced technology and valuable experience gained from motor sports, engineers have finally given us a large number of predecessors with outstanding sports performance. Like the famous Volkswagen Golf GTI, Honda Civic Type-R and Integra Type-R, as well as Saab 9-3 and Acura TL, although they still have traces of the insufficiency of the former car, but with excellent body, chassis, suspension And the design of the steering system, these cars provide excellent handling and driving pleasure.
Of course, the role that technology can play is limited. So far, the high-powered front-wheel drive is still regarded as an unreasonable and uncontrollable monster. Now, there is no production car with more than 300 horsepower. This is also proved by the use of the front-wheel drive.
Rear-wheel drive was the first form of car drive to be adopted. In 1885, the first car in the world developed by Carl Benz was the rear drive. note! You should not think that the rear drive is a natural and authentic one. You must know that Mercedes-Benz has made a lot of inspiration and ready-made parts from the bicycle at the time of developing his three-wheeled car. . What really makes the rear drive shine is the characteristics of this type of drive itself.
The best advantage of the rear drive compared to the predecessor is the driving performance. Because the rear wheel is responsible for the driving work, the center of gravity of the car moves backwards during acceleration, and the rear axle load increases, and the rear wheel can exert better traction. The steering function of the front wheel makes the steering wheel have clearer and pure feedback to the driver's operation instructions, which brings more sharp steering ability and more realistic control feeling. The position of the rear-drive engine is relatively flexible. For example, in the former model, the engine can be located on the front axle or behind the front axle. This makes the center of gravity of the car fall in the middle of the vehicle body, and the load on the front and rear axles is balanced. Improve the sporting performance of the car. These advantages make the rear-wheel drive the darling of high-performance models.
Driving a sporty rear-wheel drive, you can experience accurate, agile steering, and the power of the squat, even using the characteristics of the rear drive, using the throttle to mobilize the tail of the car, with a little bit of the tail to create a slight over-steer, to help the car head more Fast steering, narrowing the curved lines, speeding up, and drifting around for extra fun. However, controlling a rear-wheel drive, especially a powerful rear-wheel drive, requires great driving skills. For the understeer that is prone to the front car, the oil can be dissipated, and the oversteer that is easy to deal with after driving is to be remedied by the anti-theft steering wheel and the throttle control. For the average driver, it is easier to drive forward, and the rear drive is more dangerous than the predecessor.
Especially in the rear-drive car, the middle engine rear drive and the rear engine rear drive are two types. The former is considered to be the most promising driving pattern, and F1 racing cars and many super sports cars belong to this category. The mid-mounted rear-wheel drive cars have an ideal weight distribution. They turn to the most agile, extremes of cornering, but are also more prone to oversteer, and the tolerance of handling is low, and the transition from the beginning of the tail to the complete loss of control is very fast. It is too late to remediate such vehicles in the event of oversteer. It is necessary to proactively predict the state of the vehicle and react before the problem occurs. Only the masters of the high hands can fully control such cars.
The rear rear drive is an unsatisfactory driving pattern and may be used only by the Smart and Porsche 911. The elf is because the front of the car has no space for the engine. In order to make the passengers land, they are forced to use the rear drive. The 911 is basically a post-rear drive to continue the tradition, and Porsche engineers acknowledge the flaws in this drive pattern. Because the weight is completely at the rear of the car, it may cause understeer and push the head when entering the corner at high speed. After the oil is collected, the center of gravity moves forward, the load on the rear wheel decreases, and the tail is suddenly broken. Therefore, the 911 before 996 is difficult. The "extremists" who control.
It can be seen that the rear-drive is a fun and dangerous vehicle. The more powerful it is, the more serious it is. Of course, the sport potential and long history of the rear drive is unquestionable, and it is definitely a classic form of driving. Due to its high manufacturing cost and incompatibility with the space of the front-wheel drive, it has gradually become a "dedicated" drive for high-end models such as sports cars and luxury cars. There are almost no cheap rear-wheel drive cars on the market, which is really regrettable for ordinary consumers. ----(Some people may say trucks, vans are also rear-drivers)
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