Private enterprises entering the broadband market can break the monopoly of the fixed network?



Comments on the Open Broadband Access Market (Draft for Comment). The opinions include encouraging private enterprises to participate in the construction and operation of broadband access network facilities; encourage private enterprises to participate in broadband access network investment and cooperate with basic enterprises; and encourage private enterprises to provide broadband resale services. The first batch will be piloted in 16 cities including Taiyuan and Shenyang, with a pilot period of 3 years. The pilot entity is a private enterprise established according to law, and private enterprises with experience in the operation of the resident network are encouraged to participate in the pilot.

The fixed broadband "last mile" access problem has always been a major problem. The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology allows private enterprises to enter the broadband market in order to use the advantages of private enterprises to solve the resource sharing problems of China Telecom, China Unicom and other operators, use the market model to break resource monopolies, solve the “last mile” access problem, and further implement “broadband China”. Strategic deployment.

Optimize the competition situation, the monopoly situation is difficult to break

According to the latest data from the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, out of the 200 million fixed broadband access users in the country, China Telecom’s public broadband users account for 106.7 million and China Unicom has 68.742 million. This shows that China Mobile, Gehua, Broadband, and Great Wall Broadband And so on only 30 million users. Excluding China Mobile, private enterprise broadband access accounts for less than 10% of the market. Now that the policy is favorable, private enterprises entering the broadband market will optimize the current competition pattern monopolized by China Telecom and China Unicom in the broadband market.

Yang Peifang, chairman of the China Information Economics Association, said: “In order for private enterprises to enter broadband access, the first is to use a more flexible market mechanism to help operators shake up the broadband market and further stimulate and enhance the carrying capacity of the underlying core network. Basic operators are free to consider how to respond to the requirements of the future of the Internet of Things, Big Data, Industry 4.0 and the entire information productivity era."

However, some experts are cautious about the effect of private companies entering the broadband market. According to Li Yaohua, a senior consultant of the Institute of Communications Policy and Management of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, “Since the backbone network has not been liberalized, private enterprises are expected to enter the broadband market with general effects.” Independent Financial Analyst Fu Liang said, “About opening the broadband access market The opinion (draft) was too late. China Telecom and China Unicom now have close to 170 million subscribers. Local coverage and influence have already taken shape. The monopoly of the broadband market will be difficult to break. In addition, private enterprises After entering the broadband market, new operators will form a local monopoly and the new competition landscape will become more complex."

The market opening needs a full range of

The main subject of this pilot project is a private enterprise. Fu Liang believes that the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology should open up the broadband access market in many directions. “It should not be confined to private enterprises. Foreign-funded enterprises, joint ventures, Internet companies, and radio and television companies can all join the broadband market competition. In order to promote the market's prosperity." Looking back at the virtual operators' licensing companies, they will find that the nature of the enterprises is gradually diversified and the market trend is irresistible. “In addition, there are only 16 pilot cities, the scope is too small, and the limited trial period is 3 years. The market structure after 3 years is difficult to estimate.”

At present, the three major operators have large differences in the market share of broadband, and telecom operators and other operators will cooperate in new ways of cooperation and will bring new growth points to themselves. Song Xiangdong, a well-known telecommunications official, pointed out that in the fixed broadband market in the United States, the real threat to telecom operators is cable TV companies. At present, domestic cable TV companies are limited to small areas such as video, and are still in a state of slumber in the broadband market. If cable companies such as Gehua and China Cable Co., Ltd. can exert their efforts here, they will have many benefits for the advancement of broadband access technology, and cable companies will have great potential in the broadband market.

Radio and television operators and telecommunication operators in various places have more cooperation in broadband access, but the share of broadcasting and TV operators in the broadband access market has not improved. Fu Liang said frankly: “There are many reasons for this. First, the cooperation between radio and television operators and telecom operators is not in-depth, and the prices received by radio and television operators are relatively high. The more important reason is that the operators themselves, radio and television operators have not yet It is truly enterprise-oriented and it has not been able to keep up with the pace of market competition. If it can solve its own problems, it has great potential."

Policy landing resistance still exists

At present, the issue of slow Internet speed and high fees has always been criticized. Can private companies enter the broadband market to solve this problem? Fu Liang predicts that “the private enterprises entering the broadband access market will have a slow speed and high fees. Positive impact: After entering the broadband market, private enterprises will promote the transfer of Internet bandwidth provided by China Telecom and China Unicom to higher rates."

An open market will surely promote its prosperity, but this change will not happen overnight. At present, telecom operators occupy more than 90% of the market share of broadband access. Although there are favorable policies, there is still a long way to go after the implementation of policies. There are still many obstacles for private enterprises to enter the broadband market.

The broadband access market has experienced a period of rapid growth and is currently at a steady growth stage. The urban market is gradually becoming saturated. There is still room in the rural market, but the access cost is high. Li Yaohua believes that “private enterprises will face three challenges after entering: First, the settlement price with the basic operator is higher; Second, the network and service support of the basic operator is difficult to guarantee; Third, when developing users with self-brand, There is a high demand for customer service, web, marketing, and other capabilities."

“Property monopoly” has also been a huge obstacle to the implementation of “broadband China”, and “entering the broadband access market by private enterprises is conducive to perfecting the market mechanism in the telecommunications sector, but it will not directly affect the property monopoly broadband problem. It is necessary to eliminate property monopoly issues. It mainly depends on legislation and regulation," Yang Peifang said.

Private enterprises entering the broadband market can optimize the market structure, but they will also face many new problems and need to seek new solutions. Due to the long-term effects of traditional economic theories, market rules, and management systems, there is still a long way to go before we can use broadband as a means of public transportation and electricity to allow users to use them as they want.

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