introduction
In recent years, with the continuous development of society, the living conditions of urban and rural residents in China have made a qualitative leap, but various types of pollution have also become increasingly serious. Modern pollution types are becoming more and more numerous, and the threat to the natural environment and the normal life and health of the people is also growing. In order to maintain the sustainable development of our society and safeguard the lives and property of the people, we must take favorable measures such as developing a low-carbon economy and applying environmentally-friendly and energy-saving products to carry out environmental protection. As the main cultural carrier and image project of the city, the landscape value and commercial value of the night are gradually being developed. Urban light pollution has also quietly emerged. This new type of pollution problem is mainly caused by urban vehicle lighting and architectural night lighting. Currently, we have begun research to address such pollution problems. We can reduce the harm caused by this pollution to some extent by adopting the environmentally-friendly and energy-saving LED lighting control system in the building night lighting. This article will discuss the application of LED lighting control system in architectural night lighting.
The current development status of LED lighting in China
Under the current situation, due to the decline in the price of upstream chips and the improvement of the luminous efficiency of LED lighting appliances, people are paying more and more attention to the development of LED in the field of lighting, and the LED industry itself has also shown a very good development trend. According to experts' predictions, although the market share of LEDs in the domestic lighting market is less than 5% in 2010, the market share of LED lighting is expected to double in 2011, reaching more than 10%, and within two years. With the development and innovation of science and technology, LED technology is more mature, and its market share can reach at least one-fifth. In the development of LED lighting, architectural night lighting is undoubtedly one of the main development directions. Overall, the price of LED lighting products has shown a downward trend in the short term.
The Chinese government and the enterprises of various provinces and cities attach great importance to the development of LED lighting. In 2010, most domestic enterprises invested heavily in the production of LED chips. The price of LED chips is not expensive, but the price is gradually lowered, especially the price of highpowerLED for lighting applications. It has reached 15% to 20%. It is worth mentioning that in the next few years, China plans to add more than 1,200 LED devices to MOCVD. The capital investment of the enterprise and the strong support of the state have increased the production capacity of the chip, and at the same time greatly promoted the decline of the cost and price of the domestic LED lighting products.
In addition, technological advances are also one of the reasons for the decline in LED chip prices. According to reports, according to the LEDs set by the US Department of Energy, the 2010 target is 140lm/W, and by 2020, the luminous efficiency of LEDs will reach 243lm/W.
LED lighting products and LED intelligent lighting control system
LED (Light Emitting Diode), whose luminescent material is mainly composed of a solid semiconductor chip, a forward voltage is applied across the semiconductor chip, carriers in the semiconductor are recombined, and energy is generated to emit visible light, which is illuminated by incandescent lamps. The perfect replacement for upgrades. It has the following characteristics: 1. Safe and reliable. The semiconductor diode emits light, the light color is soft, there is no glare, and no ultraviolet radiation is generated. 2. Save energy. The LED emits light by reflecting the photon in the diode, does not generate excess heat, and has high energy conversion efficiency. Under the same brightness, the power consumption is only 1/10 of that of an ordinary incandescent lamp, and the power saving rate can reach 90%. 3. Long service life. LED luminaires are 100 times longer than incandescent lamps, have an average life of more than 100,000 hours, and can operate without high levels of frequent startup or shutdown.
LED architectural lighting intelligent control system, the main structure including sensor unit, control unit, drive circuit, lighting system and other components, provides convenient and fast conditions for urban architectural night lighting, effectively saving manpower and material resources, avoiding waste of resources.
Here I mainly elaborate a set of LED intelligent lighting and constant current drive control system.
Firstly, the system hardware design is introduced. As shown in Figure 1, the intelligent lighting control system is based on μPD78F0034 as the main control device. It is mainly composed of sensor unit, controller unit, LED driver circuit and lighting system. The main function of the μPD78F0034 chip is to calculate and process the signal data that has been processed by the thermal infrared sensor, the glare sensor, and the sound sensor and has been processed by A/D conversion. After the signal is processed, it is converted to the LED driver circuit by D/A conversion. Display circuits to help the system work properly.
Second, the system software design. In order to simplify the design structure, the modular design idea is taken as the lead, and the function module subroutine is set with the main program as the core. When the system works, the function program subroutine is called by the main program. Each function sub-module performs its duties, and the signal input module is responsible for inputting three types of sensor signals into the single-chip data channel. In the control system software, the signal of the sound sensor and the signal of the infrared detector are processed as the Boolean data of the switch after rectification and digitization. After the rectifying and amplifying environment fills the light, the signal generated by the light intensity detecting system is divided into two paths, one is a Boolean value, and the output generated by the first two signals is processed and operated as a basis for generating a switching signal of the lamp switch, and All the way to environmental data A / D conversion, encoding output to the system's output module, the system control to adjust the brightness of the lamp, appropriate LED lighting brightness according to the surrounding environment, and ultimately achieve the purpose of LED intelligent lighting.
After the system is set up, it is possible to automatically control the switching and brightness of the LED lighting fixtures according to the requirements of different working environments and the alternation of the day and night environment without manual supervision. Especially for the high-power LED lighting fixtures in urban architectural night lighting, we use the constant current source driving method, which not only can improve the power efficiency, save energy, but also effectively extend the service life of LED lighting fixtures.
Architectural night lighting application LED lighting control system design requirements
With the rapid development of modern science and technology, urban architectural lighting technology has been steadily improved, LED lighting fixtures will gradually achieve higher market share in China and even the global market, and its development potential is beyond doubt. However, how to make further progress on this basis, better to achieve low carbon, energy saving, environmental protection is the primary problem facing the design of LED lighting control system in the study of architectural night lighting.
The leading figure in the night lighting of urban architecture in China, Vice President Zhao Jianping of the Chinese Academy of Sciences put forward constructive opinions on urban architectural lighting design: urban architectural night lighting should not only ensure the creation of a good light environment, but also be scientific, practical and forward-looking. It is easy to maintain, safe to use, save energy, protect the environment, protect health and green lighting.
In the evaluation of building lighting energy efficiency, we generally use the level of LPD as the main evaluation index. LPD, the lighting power density, is the main indicator for evaluating building energy efficiency. It mainly refers to the lighting installation power (including light source, ballast or transformer) per unit area of ​​a building room or place, in watts per square meter. The LPD value specifies the LPD limit, which is related to the energy saving in the field of lighting. It will promote the lighting design to fully consider and take into account the illumination level, lighting quality and lighting energy efficiency, and promote the application of more efficient light sources, ballasts, lamps and other applications in the design. product.
In addition, the realization of green environmental protection, energy saving and emission reduction is one of the design requirements of LED lighting control system. The LPD limit is defined to help realize the realization of lighting energy saving. We also need to try to achieve energy saving of the control system, that is, the sensing control circuit. Energy saving and environmental protection. Because of the energy consumption of lighting, not only the light source emits light and heat, but the entire lighting control system also relies on electrical energy to run and consume energy. Therefore, it is very important to control the system energy saving. The design of the LED lighting control system we designed and implemented should be an intelligent control system that can achieve secondary energy saving or multiple energy saving.
Design of LED lighting control system for building night lighting application
In urban construction and planning, the design of lighting is becoming more and more important. Even in many countries and regions, the beautiful night lights of beautiful cities have gained the reputation of “new scale at nightâ€, which has become a new measure of urban civilization. When designing the LED lighting control system, we only adhere to the "people-oriented" design concept to meet people's needs and maximize the integration of lighting effects and the surrounding environment. Urban architecture night lighting pursues an innovative design and enjoyment of art. Using some LED low-power products with small illumination angles, focusing on the local lighting, the design space is large enough to lead the fashion and trend of architectural lighting. At the same time, the LED point light source can make the spatial layering of the architectural night illumination picture stronger and richer. The traditional culture with regional characteristics is integrated into the lighting design, so that the lighting not only meets the basic functional requirements, but also can display the urban style and regional cultural characteristics, thus forming a unique light culture of the city and creating a distinctive urban night landscape.
The application of LED architectural lighting control system in architectural night lighting should also pay attention to the overall effect and detail processing of the building. For ordinary buildings, the hidden glass curtain wall lighting system, the curtain wall lighting of the building frame glass, the lighting of the top glass dome, the lighting of the building floor, the lighting of the building and the top sign are all indispensable links. .
LED color is good, power consumption is relatively small for traditional lighting tools, durability life is relatively long, low point voltage is used, there is no safety hazard, no pollution, small size is easy to conceal, suitable for seeing light without light. Urban lighting principles, etc., all provide options for urban lighting use. In fact, urban lighting requires creativity and art, not brightness.
1. Decorative lawn lights, landscape lights, bulbs, etc.
In the lawn green space of the city, the LED's light-emitting parts are designed into various structural forms such as a ring shape and a figure shape, which partially illuminate the lawn and show a more humanized illumination. At the same time, it becomes a kind of daytime. An element of decoration, very special. Commonly used products rated working voltage AC220V, the control method is mostly internal control (in the place where synchronization changes are required, the synchronization line can be used to achieve forced synchronization). In actual engineering, it is often used as a decorative lighting in conjunction with a gas discharge light source. LED lights of various shapes and functions, such as lawn lights, landscape lights, bulbs, etc., can be combined into a colorful light phantom. This "multi-color, multi-bright spot, multi-pattern" change reflects the characteristics of the LED light source. The landscape lighting market is mainly based on decorative lighting in public places such as streets and squares. The driving force is mainly from the government.
2, underwater lights
The LED underwater light is placed underwater for the illumination of water bodies, and the protection level should reach IP68. Rated operating voltage DC12V. The low-voltage operating characteristics of the LED make it safer than any previous luminaire. The long life has the advantage of making it easier to repair, and the lighting effect is more abundant than the commonly used PAR lamps and gas discharge lamps.
3, the ground lighting
In urban lighting, the use of LED lamps as ground lamps has many advantages.
We can reduce the size of the LED light source. There are two main types of use, one is the use of traditional road lighting fixtures, but in the luminaire, a matrix LED is mounted on an almost flat mounting surface (also a reflective surface). A design approach is impossible to get a good light distribution. The other is to integrate multiple LEDs in a circular area (area diameter of about 30mm ~ 40mm), so that the light output density of this small area is close to the high-intensity gas discharge lamp, and then use the lamp to reflect it for light distribution. However, the luminosity of this design is not superior to that of traditional road lighting, and the integration of high-density LEDs in a small area often affects the service life of LEDs. Therefore, this can design the area of ​​LED illumination according to the size and structure of the specific ground of the city. The embedded stone lamp and floor tile lamp are in the same way as the paved stone in the way of trimming the edge, achieving the harmonious and unified effect of the environment and the light source. At present, some products have realized modular design, for example, as a lighting floor tile for floor paving layer lighting, the size of the product is in harmony with the size of the floor tile, that is, it meets the requirements of the modulus, and the modulus specifications are different, depending on the specific situation.
Conclusion
"The street lights are far away, and there seem to be countless stars; the stars in the sky are now, and there seem to be countless street lights." At night, it has gradually become an important time for people's life and leisure. Good lighting has become the main medium for urban architecture to display artistic style and image. At present, many cities are making a fuss about the night illumination of buildings. As the city's night scenes become more and more neon, we should also see serious pollution and waste problems, and it will bring great harm to the daily life and health of the people. Urban construction is progressing, and the study of architectural night lighting in China should also keep pace with the times. To control the urban environmental problems caused by the night illumination of buildings, it is necessary and urgent to promote the use of LED architectural lighting control systems.
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