This article first introduced the development status of ic design industry and the contents of engineers' work. Secondly, it introduced the employment prospects and development direction of IC design engineers. Finally, it elaborated on how to become an excellent ic design engineer.
IC design industry development statusIC design is the leading position in the integrated circuit industry, and it plays a leading role in the overall development of the industry. By 2010, China's semiconductor market will account for 6% of the world's total demand, ranking fourth in the world. In the next few years, China's chip production is expected to increase at a rate of 2% per year, which is much higher than the average global growth rate of 10%. At present, China has more than 400 colleges and universities set up a computer department, and recently approved 51 commercial software schools. But these software colleges and computer departments cultivate programmers. At present, only a dozen universities in China can train IC design students. Therefore, engineering C design professionals are extremely in short supply. It can be said that this is exactly the root cause of the lack of sufficient IC card design talent in China.
IC design engineer work contentResponsible for specification of digital circuits, RTL code writing, verification, synthesis, timing analysis, testability design;
Responsible for circuit design, simulation and overall layout and modification;
Making IC chip functional specification;
Responsible for collaborating with layout engineers to complete layout design;
provide technical support.
Ic design engineer career prospectsIc design engineers are not the worse the older the prospects, but with the development of high technology, more and more popular. The integrated circuit is one of the core technologies of the information industry and is the key to achieving the strategic goal of making China's information industry bigger and stronger. The "Outline of the National Medium and Long-Term Scientific and Technological Development Plan" and the "Outline of the Eleventh Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development" released recently have all placed great emphasis on the development of IC technologies and industries. IC design engineers The future is bright.
The global demand for semiconductor chips is growing rapidly. China is also joining this supply. For China, chip production is not only a way to make profits, but also a short cut into the high-tech economy. Today, 80% of mainland China's semiconductors rely on imports, but companies are working hard to develop and produce chips that can compete in the world. As a latecomer to this industry, China has to go through a fairly long period of catch-up. But in the Chinese IT industry, no one will doubt the future growth rate of the chip industry. Under the auspices of "China does not act as a coreless country," people will be full of blemishes in the future. Due to its close proximity to the foundry market, coupled with a strong and cheap labor force, China hopes to become the center of Asian chip production within 10 years.
IC design can be roughly divided into three directions: RFIC, analog IC, and digital IC.
One, RFIC
Requirements: Radio frequency integrated circuits need very rich experience and very solid basic knowledge. Both process and circuit theory must be very proficient to design a good chip.
The employment side: RFIC generally includes modules such as LNA, MIXER, PLL, PA, and so on, but also need to understand passive devices such as inductor&&transformer, and need to rely on EDA tools. Since there are not many modules involved, the workload is not large. Most of them are Relying on experience and intuition, there are few jobs in the company, and one or two RFIC engineers are sufficient for a larger project.
Domestic status: RFIC is a scarce talent, but only for excellent RFIC engineers, there are fewer jobs available in the country. Therefore, it is difficult for newly-released RFIC engineers to find employment.
Foreign status quo: At present, the core technologies of RFIC are mastered by foreign companies and well-known foreign experts and professors. For example, Berkeley, UCLA, Georgia Tech, Stanford University, etc., can go to these universities' well-known research groups. The choice, RFIC is a very dependent on the direction of experience, so if there are cattle, it will do more with less.
Second, analog IC
Requirements: analog integrated circuits need everyone to have a very good foundation, but also need to understand the process, this is actually like RFIC, but there is no RFIC frequency is high, the analog IC is more than the RFIC workload, but the most important thing is to There are very good foundations and many years of experience before you can do it more smoothly to make high-performance analog IC products. Otherwise, analog ICs will not be called art.
Job side: Modules involving analog ICs, including filter, ADC, VGA, PGA, RSSI, band gap, OP Amp, etc. Since the analog IC and RFIC have similarities in the basic and experience requirements, their employment is also compared. Narrow, and many modules are being swallowed by digital ICs.
Domestic situation: analog ICs are also rare talents, but only for excellent analog IC engineers, and currently the level of analog IC designers at home, grasp a lot, the reasons for this, first, the domestic microelectronics professional expansion Now, some colleges have set up microelectronics programs. This is no longer the case in previous years. Only less than ten 985 colleges and universities have set up microelectronics programs. This is what the Chinese Ministry of Education likes. IC is too easy to get started. You let a non-information undergraduate student give him a software platform and data. In the case of no clarification of the amplifier, one can get a decent ADC or VGA out within one month. But what about performance? Then, you need to specifically ask him about the principles inside. It's definitely 100,000. Don't know. We should be clear. We want high-performance analog IC products. Third, the general impetus of enterprises and students. Now recruit people, what basic circuits within the ADC have to be mastered, students in order to cater for corporate recruitment, graduate students can put all models in two years Doing the module to do it all over again, in the end, nothing is actually obtained. It does not rule out that you can find a job, but you want to have a long-term foothold. I do not know whether or not you have seen the evolution of analog ICs written by a cowman in Fudan University. It is probably because he studied the amplifiers and learned how to use them. Finally, he set up a rail to rail amplifier. Later when he worked, he found out that After the amplifier base is firmly established, other modules are all connected. In fact, all analog amplifiers are amplifiers. Different modules are different structures and they are easy to be familiar with. Therefore, the amplifier is the key.
Foreign status quo: At present, for high-performance analog ICs, the core technology is still in the hands of several big foreign companies, such as ADI, Maxim, TI, Linear Tech, NXP, etc., just pull one out, the entire domestic analog IC must bow, in fact The profit of analog IC is very high. Everyone can learn about the profitability of this company, but the premise is that the analog IC you designed is not high-performance. At present, domestic can also design some analog IC products. However, it is considered that prices are as low as cabbage, even domestic buyers are afraid to buy, let alone go international. Therefore, analog IC this one can not be like consumer electronics products, to promote the speed of product launch, this has to slowly rampant, and gradually cultivate internal strength.
Third, digital IC
Requirements: There is a good digital circuit basis and a certain analog circuit basis, there is a strong programming ability, have a good impression on the EDA tools, to be familiar with the basic digital IC design process and the use of a variety of EDA software, familiar with the interface, protocol, Algorithms, structures, etc.
Employment: There is no doubt that now is a digital world. Digital ICs have flourished in recent years. Job opportunities are several times higher than those of the above. Of course, because the threshold is low and there are many people, overall, the employment situation It's better. From the employment situation of deaf schools in recent years, digital ICs probably have two to three offers (MS) for each person;
Domestic situation: The development of domestic digital ICs is much better than that of RFICs and analog ICs. Many excellent companies have been born. Like Huawei Hass, Spreadtrum, etc., they have all designed a very good digital chip or SOC solution. Rapid
Foreign status quo: high-tech digital core chip technology, or in foreign companies, such as Intel, ARM, TI, Samsung, etc., they have mastered the design of high-end digital chips such as CPU, GPU, DSP, and lead the CMOS process along the With the development of Moore's Law, there is no domestic capability to develop this high-end chip;
1. Learn from some classic designs. Many of these details are necessary to make your design a product. Some may be to adapt to changes in process parameters, some may be to speed up the switching process, and some may be to ensure the stability of the system. Through careful observation of these details, it is both rewarding and fun. Communication between project teams, especially members of the project team, can avoid the same mistakes.
2. When you initially complete a design, you should do several checks: understand the process of the chip manufacturer, change the parameters of the device model, and determine the scope of the parameter scan simulation. Understand the actual use environment of the designed product and correctly set the system simulation input conditions and load model. Strict implementation of design rules and processes is also helpful in reducing design errors.
3, In addition, you need to exchange knowledge, pay attention to the communication with the front-end or system, and deeply understand the design constraints. As a beginner, it is often unclear about the system. In addition to understanding design specifications of the design through documentation and meeting, communication with the system and the front end is essential for IC design. The so-called design skills are based on the understanding of the constraints, and the system or the front-end design engineer can often give a lot of guidance to beginners.
4, check literature information is a good way. There are more excellent electronic websites, such as the China Electronics Market Network, China Power Grid, and electronic engineers community. This will greatly help your improvement. In addition, the experience of accumulating projects together with the "master teacher" is also faster. If you have the opportunity to participate in training with people who have a good design background, it is best to be interactive and have a good harvest.
5, pay attention to the exchange with the back-end and processing line: IC design complexity is too high, in addition to the use of EDA tool vendors to promote the concept of the establishment of the initiative, the IC designer should also take the initiative to design the upstream and downstream links, such as Engineers who design services or processing services, and process engineers actively communicate and learn. For beginners, back-end processing companies can often bring them some basic concepts, some basic mistakes that cannot be made. Some good back-end service companies can not only provide very rigorous Design Kits, but also give very useful guidance on mixed-signal design, helping beginners get started. The knowledge of processing is even more critical to the "productization" of IC design.
6, pay attention to verification and testing, to be a "paranoid": IC design risk is greater than the board-level electronic design, so the test is very valuable, "paranoid" spirit, for the success of IC design is very The essential. In addition to relying on the company's mature design environment, design kits, and system specifications to ensure success, the emphasis and deep understanding of verification is a critical part of whether an IC designer can withstand stress and enjoy success. Due to the relatively small chance of tapeout, looking for more opportunities to participate in and understand the test, a careful summary and analysis of the product's success and failure is a must for IC designers to grow.
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